What a rainbow really is. Why Apple abandoned the rainbow logo. Can there be a rainbow without rain?

The rainbow is semicircular, of course, what else could it be? This is the correct answer, but can you explain why the rainbow has this shape?

This question occurred to you not only; long before we were born, people observed such a phenomenon as a rainbow and wondered why it is semicircular?

The inhabitants of the African continent even have many legends about a rainbow snake that rings the Earth. It’s just that, of course, their science was not so developed that they even then understood that a rainbow is sunlight that passes through droplets of water and is refracted into them.

But why is the rainbow semicircular? Why not completely round? Not long horizontal? Not vertical? Is it not curved in the shape of a figure eight or, for example, an oval? The shape of the rainbow depends on the shape of the water through which the ray of sunlight is refracted.

As a rule, this beam passes through droplets that have a round, so-called spherical, shape. That is, a ray of light that passes through a drop and is refracted in it, as if breaking up into many colors. But not just chaotically located, but like cones of different colors that fit one in one.

Imagine that you are looking into such a “pyramid” of cones that fit inside each other. The largest of them is red, there is an orange cone in it, then yellow, green, blue, blue, and purple is the smallest, it is inside. And so, each drop of water produces its own, separate rainbow. But she is so tiny that we would never even notice her.

But there are a great many droplets in the air after rain, so the same large iris that is visible to our eyes consists of the same many small irises. Each droplet transmits its specific color to the overall, larger rainbow. All these color rays enter our eye, making up a certain sequence of colors perceived by our vision. It depends on the angle at which light rays of each color fall into our eye, converging in it as if at one point.

“But people see differently,” you will say, and you will, of course, be right. Because no matter how many people find themselves outside after the rain, each of them will see their own, individual rainbow! The droplets change all the time, some of them go down, others, on the contrary, rise up, so the rays are constantly changing, so the rainbow is new every second! And from each new point of view there is also its own, new rainbow.

Why are rainbows more or less bright? This depends on the size of the drops: the larger they are, the brighter the rainbow we see. The color stripes of the rainbow are wide and narrow, adjacent to one another - and with intervals. Rainbows can be taller and narrower, or wider and shorter. It all depends on the size and shape of the droplets through which the light beam is refracted. “Stop,” you say.

“Why do we see a colored semicircle if we were just told about cones inserted into each other?!” Logical question. The fact is that the rainbow is actually round!!! But you can see this only by rising high. And since we observe this natural phenomenon from the ground, we see only half of such a cone, or a little more or a little less. By the way, rainbows happen not only during the day, sometimes such a phenomenon can be observed around the Moon at night, and then we call it a halo. The very word “rainbow” most likely appeared from the combinations “paradise” and “arc”; it is very beautiful.

You can either write your own.

Ecology

Many cultures have legends and myths about the power of the rainbow, and people dedicate works of art, music and poetry to it.

Psychologists say that people admire this natural phenomenon because the rainbow is a promise of a bright, “rainbow” future.

Technically speaking, a rainbow occurs when light passes through water droplets in the atmosphere, and the refraction of light leads to the familiar appearance of a curved arch of different colors to all of us.

Here are these and other interesting facts about rainbows:

7 facts about rainbows (with photos)

1. Rainbows are rarely seen at midday

Most often, rainbows appear in the morning and evening. For a rainbow to form, sunlight must hit a raindrop at an angle of approximately 42 degrees. This is unlikely to happen when the Sun is higher than 42 degrees in the sky.

2. Rainbows appear at night too

Rainbows can be seen even after dark. This phenomenon is called a lunar rainbow. In this case, light rays are refracted when reflected from the Moon, and not directly from the Sun.

As a rule, it is less bright, since the brighter the light, the more colorful the rainbow.

3. No two people can see the same rainbow

Light reflected from certain raindrops reflects off other raindrops from a completely different angle for each of us. This also creates a different image of the rainbow.

Since two people cannot be in the same place, they cannot see the same rainbow. Moreover, even each of our eyes sees a different rainbow.

4. We can never reach the end of the rainbow

When we look at a rainbow, it seems as if it moves with us. This happens because the light that forms it does so from a certain distance and angle for the observer. And this distance will always remain between us and the rainbow.

5. We can't see all the colors of the rainbow

Many of us remember from childhood a rhyme that allows us to remember the 7 classic colors of the rainbow (Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits).

Everyone is red

Hunter - orange

Wishes - yellow

Know - green

Where is blue

Sitting - blue

Pheasant – purple

However, the rainbow is actually made up of more than a million colors, including colors that the human eye cannot see.

6. Rainbows can be double, triple and even quadruple

We can see more than one rainbow if light is reflected inside the droplet and separated into its component colors. A double rainbow appears when this happens inside the drop twice, a triple rainbow when it happens three times, and so on.

With a quadruple rainbow, each time the beam is reflected, the light, and therefore the rainbow, becomes paler and therefore the last two rainbows are very faintly visible.

To see such a rainbow, several factors must coincide at once, namely a completely black cloud, and either a uniform distribution of raindrop sizes, or heavy rain.

7. You can make the rainbow disappear yourself

Using polarized sunglasses can stop you from seeing rainbows. This is because they are covered with a very thin layer of molecules that are arranged in vertical rows, and the light reflected from the water is polarized horizontally. This phenomenon can be seen in the video.

How to make a rainbow?

You can also make a real rainbow at home. There are several methods.

1. Method using a glass of water

Fill a glass with water and place it on a table in front of a window on a sunny day.

Place a piece of white paper on the floor.

Wet the window with hot water.

Adjust the glass and paper until you see a rainbow.

2. Mirror method

Place the mirror inside a glass filled with water.

The room should be dark and the walls white.

Shine a flashlight into the water, moving it until you see a rainbow.

3. CD method

Take the CD and wipe it down so that it is not dusty.

Place it on a flat surface, under a light or in front of a window.

Look at the disk and enjoy the rainbow. You can spin the dial to see how the colors move.

4. Haze method

Use a water hose on a sunny day.

Close the hole in the hose with your finger, creating a haze

Point the hose towards the sun.

Look through the haze until you see a rainbow.

The rainbow is an extremely interesting and beautiful natural phenomenon, which artists, writers and poets turn to in their works. In this review we have collected some interesting facts about the rainbow.

What does the word rainbow mean?

It is believed that this is an abbreviation for the words “multi-colored arc”.

How is a rainbow formed?

Rainbows are formed due to the refraction and reflection of sunlight in droplets of water (rain or fog) in the air. Considering that drops deflect light of different colors in different ways, a multi-colored arc is formed in the sky, which contains all the colors of the spectrum.

Is a rainbow a semicircle or a full circle?

If you ask people about this, most will say that the rainbow is shaped like a semicircle. In fact, a rainbow is a complete vicious circle. It looks like a semicircle because a person sees a rainbow from the ground.

If anyone believes that the rainbow is material, then he is mistaken. It is impossible to touch or even get close to her.

Different rainbows

The rainbow that one person sees is different from the rainbow that others see. No two people can see the same rainbow, even if they are standing next to each other.

Why does a person see a rainbow?

Many people think that rainbows are inextricably linked with rain. But in fact, rainbows can be formed from dew, fog or splashes. The main condition is that there be drops of water in the atmosphere.

Isaac Newton - the man who sorted the rainbow into colors

People see only seven colors; everything else is shades or a combination of these colors. This fact was determined by Sir Isaac Newton. The same seven colors can be seen in the rainbow. These colors are: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.

Red and purple colors

The red color in a rainbow is visible on its outer edge. On the inner edge you can see a purple color.

How a rainbow changes the sky

If you look at the sky when a rainbow is formed, it is less bright outside the rainbow compared to how the sky is seen inside the rainbow.

A lunar rainbow appears at night when the Moon appears in the sky. It differs from the sun only in lower brightness.

Did you like this article? Then, press.

Rainbow is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena. Since time immemorial, man has thought about its nature and associated the appearance of a multi-colored arc in the sky with many beliefs and legends. People compared the rainbow either to a heavenly bridge from which gods or angels descended to earth, or to a road between heaven and earth, or to a gate to another other world.

What is a rainbow

A rainbow is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that occurs when the sun illuminates many water droplets during rain or fog, or after rain. As a result of the refraction of sunlight in drops of water during rain, a multi-colored arc appears in the sky.

A rainbow also appears in the reflected rays of the Sun from the water surface of sea bays, lakes, waterfalls or large rivers. Such a rainbow appears on the shores of reservoirs and looks unusually beautiful.

Why is the rainbow colorful?

The arcs of the rainbow are multi-colored, but for them to appear, sunlight is necessary. Sunlight appears white to us, but is actually made up of the colors of the spectrum. We are accustomed to distinguishing seven colors in the rainbow - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, but since the spectrum is continuous, the colors smoothly transform into each other through many shades.

The multi-colored arc appears because a ray of light is refracted in water droplets, and then, returning to the observer at an angle of 42 degrees, is split into components ranging from red to violet.

The brightness of the colors and the width of the rainbow depend on the size of the raindrops. The larger the drops, the narrower and brighter the rainbow, the more rich red color it contains. If there is light rain, the rainbow turns out to be wide, but with faded orange and yellow edges.

What kind of rainbow is there?

We most often see a rainbow in the form of an arc, but the arc is only part of the rainbow. The rainbow has the shape of a circle, but we see only half of the arc because its center is on the same line as our eyes and the Sun. The entire rainbow can only be seen at high altitude, from an airplane or from a high mountain.

Double Rainbow

We already know that a rainbow in the sky appears because the rays of the sun penetrate through raindrops, are refracted and reflected on the other side of the sky in a multi-colored arc. And sometimes a ray of sunshine can create two, three, or even four rainbows in the sky at once. A double rainbow occurs when a ray of light is reflected twice from the inner surface of raindrops.

The first rainbow, the inner one, is always brighter than the second, the outer one, and the colors of the arcs on the second rainbow are located in a mirror image and are less bright. The sky between rainbows is always darker than other parts of the sky. The area of ​​sky between two rainbows is called Alexander's stripe. Seeing a double rainbow is a good omen - it means good luck, the fulfillment of desires. So if you are lucky enough to see a double rainbow, hurry up and make a wish and it will definitely come true.

Inverted Rainbow

An inverted rainbow is a rather rare phenomenon. It appears under certain conditions, when cirrus clouds consisting of ice crystals are located at an altitude of 7-8 kilometers as a thin curtain. Sunlight, falling at a certain angle on these crystals, is decomposed into a spectrum and reflected into the atmosphere. The colors in an inverted rainbow are in reverse order, with purple at the top and red at the bottom.

Misty Rainbow

A hazy rainbow or white appears when the sun's rays illuminate a faint fog consisting of very small droplets of water. Such a rainbow is an arc painted in very pale colors, and if the droplets are very small, then the rainbow is painted white. A foggy rainbow can also appear at night during fog, when there is a bright moon in the sky. A foggy rainbow is a rather rare atmospheric phenomenon.

Moon Rainbow

A lunar rainbow or night rainbow appears at night and is generated by the Moon. A lunar rainbow is observed during rain that falls opposite the Moon; a lunar rainbow is especially clearly visible during a full moon, when the bright Moon is low in the dark sky. You can also observe a lunar rainbow in areas where there are waterfalls.

Fire Rainbow

A fire rainbow is a rare optical atmospheric phenomenon. A fire rainbow appears when sunlight passes through cirrus clouds at an angle of 58 degrees above the horizon. Another necessary condition for the appearance of a fiery rainbow is hexagonal ice crystals that are leaf-shaped and their edges must be parallel to the ground. The sun's rays, passing through the vertical edges of an ice crystal, are refracted and ignite a fiery rainbow or a rounded horizontal arc, as science calls a fiery rainbow.

winter rainbow

A winter rainbow is a very amazing phenomenon. Such a rainbow can only be observed in winter, during severe frost, when the cold Sun shines in the pale blue sky and the air is filled with small ice crystals. The sun's rays are refracted when passing through these crystals, as if through a prism, and are reflected in the cold sky in a multi-colored arc.

Can there be a rainbow without rain?

A rainbow can also be observed on a sunny, clear day near waterfalls, fountains, or in the garden when watering flowers from a hose, holding the hole of the hose with your fingers, creating a water mist and pointing the hose towards the Sun.

How to remember the colors of the rainbow

If you cannot remember how the colors are located in the rainbow, a phrase known to everyone from childhood will help you: “ TO every ABOUT hunter AND wants Z nat G de WITH goes F adhan."

Many have seen a similar rainbow effect among bloggers and Instagram users. It significantly enlivens the pictures and gives them a special flavor. Let's take a closer look at how to make a rainbow in a photo?

CD

For a simple effect, all you need is a regular CD and sunlight. If you decide to take a photo in the dark, you can use a simple or telephone flashlight, a mirror or foil. The rainbow effect is caused by the refraction of light. How to make a rainbow in a photo? Just play with the disc.

A few more tips for creating a rainbow effect:

• The sun should be at sunset so that the sun's rays pass low and straight and give a rich light effect.
• You must stand with your back to the sun.
• The disc must be turned to the side on which it is written.
• The sun should be reflected from the disk, and the rainbow should fall on your face and body.
• In order for the rainbow to appear more saturated, the sun must first pass through the mirror or glass of your window, and then through the disk.
• Instead of a mirror and the sun, you can use any flashlight.
• The thinner the beam, let’s say it passes through the curtains, the sharper and clearer the rainbow will be.
• The size and curvature depend on the position of the disc.

Instagram

How to make a rainbow effect on a photo using apps? You can use masks on Instagram! The step-by-step instructions are quite simple:

1. Open the Instagram program.
2. Create a story by clicking on the plus sign in the upper left corner.
3. Select the Rainbow mask.
4. Try on the filter.
5. Ready! You are awesome.
6. Now you know how to make a rainbow on your face for a photo.

Glitché

In addition to rainbow highlights, you can create an unusual rainbow haze around an object. This is done using the application Glitché And Glitche Cam. Both programs are free and similar. The principle of creating the effect in both applications is the same:

1. Open the program.
2. Tap on the Photo Editor tab.
3. Select the desired photo.
4. Find the Screen item on the panel.
5. Gently move your finger over the photo to create an unusual effect.
6. Save photo.

Camly

Applications to make a rainbow in a photo will help you create an unusual and magical effect. Another program that will help you decorate your pictures is called Camly.

How to make a rainbow in a photo:

1. Open the application.
2. Select the photo on which you want to apply the effect.
3. From the list of tools, click on the paint brush icon.
4. Next, tap on the Shift effect.
5. Use your finger to select a wave or circle.
6. Edit photos to your liking.
7. Save the photo to your camera roll.

Unfortunately, this effect is included in the paid package. But don’t be upset, you can just take a screenshot of the resulting photo.

Be the most stylish! Use super effects.